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Konglish 2
Latest update: January 31, 2009
Since March 4, 2004, you are visitor number:
  
|
Legal Mumbo Jumbo:
This so-called "Konglish"
list is of my own making, compiled by myself from
my own study and observance of the Korean language from
1995 to the present. I have not read any books about
Konglish. Any similarities to any published
material is purely coincidental. I cannot give
credit to all the people who have helped me. Most of
the material came from hearing my students speak "Konglish".
Some native English teachers have offered minor
contributions from listening to their students. One
such teacher is Professor David Shaffer, who contributed
less than ten words to my list at a KoTESOL conference.
This is a work in progress. Every time I
hear or read a 'Konglish' word, I add it to the list.
I do not believe that any breach of propriety has been
done here, because no one OWNS a language. Konglish
is part of the Korean language, and nobody owns it.
I publish this material (at my own cost and for NO
remuneration) in order to elucidate the problems that some
so-called 'Konglish' words might cause in ESL/EFL.
Since this material is NOT copyrighted, it may be freely
used by anyone, anywhere, anytime. However, I would
appreciate being given credit for compiling this list.
Enjoy! |
|
| |
|
What is
Konglish?
I divide Konglish into two parts:
 |
Konglish
1
: Korean-English Interlanguage (mostly consisting of
grammatical or usage errors), and... |
|
Konglish
2
: Korean lexical items, consisting of loan-words (from
English) and nativized into the Korean language. |
NOTICE:
When Koreans use the word "Konglish", they usually refer
what I call "Konglish1".
SEE ALSO:
Konglish1 Page
|
| |
|
Konglish2
Taxonomy
I've identified and taxonimized five kinds of Konglish2.
They are:
| 1. Verbicide:
"killing" or "destroying" the meaning of a
word. |
| 2. Phonetically
Different Words: Sometimes the words come from other sources than English,
which accounts for the pronunciation difference, but Koreans
rarely know this and erroneously assume that the pronunciation is
the same in English. This list is not to say the Korean
pronunciation is wrong, but rather that it is different. |
| 3. Fabricated
Phase: English phrases that do not exist in native
English-speakers' lexicons. |
| 4. Abbreviated
Expression: ENGLISH words or expressions that have
been abbreviated in colloquial Korean speech, BUT which are NOT
abbreviated in native-English-speakers' speech. |
| 5. O.K.
Konglish: Oll Korrect (O.K.) Anglico-Korean
|
|
| |
|
콩글리쉬를 5 가지 종류로 구분하였습니다.
첫번 째는 제가 "verbicide"라고
부릅니다. Verbicide는 "단어의
의미를 죽이다"라는 뜻입니다. 두번 째는 "phonetically
different words"
라고 부릅니다.
세번
째는 "fabricated
phrase"라고 부릅니다.
Fabricated Phrase는 "새로 만들어진 구"라는
의미입니다. 마지막으로 "abbreviated
expression"
단축된 표현"을 말합니다. (리스트를
보고 싶으면, 아래로 스크롤해 주십시오.
아니면 형광펜으로 착색한 단어에 클릭해
주십시오.) 마지막
것은
"O.K. Konglish" 입니다.
|
| |
|
Table of Contents
Verbicide
(Loan words with altered meanings)
Phonetically
Different Words
(Words with difference in pronunciation from English)
Fabricated
Phrases
(Real English words, but put together in fabricated phrases)
Abbreviated
Expressions
(abbreviations that don't exist in Real English)
OK
Konglish
(English words in Korean which are Oll Korrect (O.K.)!)
Other
~lish Websites
|
|
|
|
Verbicide
[verb (word) +
cide (kill)] : "killing" or changing the meaning of a word.
(
e.i., "loan words,
with altered meanings").
|
| 한글 |
Real
English Word
진실의
영문 |
Verbicide
Korean Definition
한국 정의 |
Real
English Definition
옳은 영어
정의 |
| 액세소리 |
accessory |
Koreans
generally use that word to mean: jewelry |
extra
parts, for anything, including jewelry, but not
commonly used to mean jewelry |
| 앵글 |
angle |
angle
bar
or
bracket |
the
space between any two lines that intersect or come together
end-to-end, relative to the 360° (degrees) of a circle.
I.e., an angle can be between 0 and 360 (exclusively). |
| 본드 |
bond |
super
glue |
any
binding substance |
| 부킹 |
booking |
introduction
request at a night club |
making
a reservation |
| 버버리 |
Burberry |
overcoat
or trench
coat |
Trademark
of light, long, waterproof coat |
| 캔맥주 |
can maekju |
canned
beer
(or can of beer) |
can
(n.) = metallic cylinder (not adjective) |
| 사이더 |
cider |
sweetened
soda water
(like the brand: 7up) |
[in
the USA.]
cider = apple juice, usually homemade,
sometimes carbonated
[in
the UK]
cider=alcoholic apple juice
[in
Canada]
hard cider = alcoholic apple juice
soft cider = non-alcoholic apple juice
|
| 클락션 |
Claxon |
horn |
French name brand of horns
So, it's not Konglish, but
rather Korench
|
| 클로버 |
clover |
clubs
(on playing cards) |
a
plant that has leaves with three petal-like appendages |
| 콜롱 |
cologne |
after-bath splash
or
after-shower body perfume |
men's
perfume |
| 콤비 |
combi
(~nation)
|
sports
coat (and trousers) |
any
mixture |
컴퓨터
게임 |
computer
game |
video
game |
PC
game |
| 콘도 |
condo |
time-share
resort |
owned
apartment |
| 콘센트 |
consent |
electrical
outlet |
permission |
| 커닝 |
cunning |
cheating |
deception |
| 데서트 |
dessert |
after-meal tea |
after-meal treat |
| 다이어리 |
diary |
day
planner |
personal
journal |
| 엔진이어 |
engineer |
technician |
technical
person
(w/4yr.degree+license) |
| 이벤트 |
event |
promotional
event
(Note:
Koreans only use the word to describe some kind of promotional
deal, and is extremely commonly seen on Korean websites.
|
any
activity, or happening
planned
or unplanned,
usually involving more than one
person.
If you
count participants and viewers,
almost always involving more than
one person
|
| 팬시 |
fancy |
fancy
stationery |
extravagant
(a.) |
| 페미니즘 |
feminism |
women's
liberation
or
"women's
lib"
|
Women-No-Different-From-Men
Movement, and..
Sometimes:
Women-Better-Than-Men Movement
|
프리
사이즈
etc. |
1.
free-size
2. free ticket
3. free voltage |
1)
one size fits all
2a) all-rides ticket
2b) day pass
3a) one adapter - all voltage
3b) multi-volt ~ |
Free1
= without restriction
Free2 = free of charge
NOTE:
technically, "free-ticket" &
"free-voltage" aren't wrong, but the meaning is
ambiguous in modern English
|
퓨션
휴션 |
fusion |
intercultural |
making
two atoms
become one atom |
| 가글 |
gargle |
mouth
wash (n.) |
to
wash one's mouth and throat (v.) |
| 게이 |
gay |
male
homosexual |
orig.=>
slang: male
or female homosexual
sometimes=> male homosexual |
| 글래머 |
glamour |
buxom
woman |
fame
and beauty |
| 골던~ |
golden
pants |
corduroy |
gold-colored
(pants) |
| 가운 |
gown |
robe
[US]
dressing gown [UK] |
gown
= woman's dress [US]
(There are two kinds: a hospital gown, or an evening gown,
which is a very formal dress) |
| 깁스 |
"gyps"
(gypsum) |
cast
(for broken bones) |
white
powder for making cast (CaSO42H2O) |
| 헤어
핀 |
hair
pin |
hair
clip |
a
pin for one's hair |
| 해머 |
hammer |
sledge
hammer |
small
tool for pounding
(much smaller than a sledge hammer) |
| 핸들 |
handle |
steering
wheel |
part
of bag or door for grabbing |
| 하이킹 |
hiking |
bicycling |
walking
in the mountains |
| 힢 /
힙 |
hip |
buttocks
or "butt" |
sides
of one's pelvis |
| 힛 |
hit |
a
popular product |
a
popular song |
| 호치키스 |
Hotchkiss |
stapler |
trademark
of staplers |
| 핫도그 |
hot
dog |
corn-dog-style
hot dog
(looks like a corn dog, but the batter has no corn in it) |
a
"frank" or "weiner" (sausage)
on a bun (bread) |
| 헌팅 |
"hunting" |
searching
for a mate |
searching
for animal to kill
(note: we in the U.S. sometimes use this metaphor,
but I do not believe that is a conventional metaphor) |
| 아이디 |
I.D. |
Username |
IDentification
card |
| 젤리 |
jelly |
gelatinous
candy
"gummy" |
sweet
food, made from fruit juice, sugar, and gelatin
(differs from jam in that Jam has small pieces of fruit in it.) |
| 클락션 |
Klaxon
(Claxon) |
horn |
"make",
i.e., name brand of horns (French) |
| 라인 |
line |
managerial
staff |
"line"
has multifarious meanings:
see my polysemy page |
| 매니큐어 |
manicure |
nail
polish |
the
service of having one's nails polished |
| 맨션 |
mansion |
luxury
apartment building |
luxury
house |
| 미팅 |
meeting |
blind
date |
business
gathering |
| 멜로~ |
melodrama |
romantic
drama |
This genre
(MELODRAMA) not only includes romantic dramas, but also all
dramas that do not fit into other standard categories. That
standard categories are:
ACTION
ADULT
ANIMATION
COMEDY
DRAMA
FANTASY
HORROR
SCI.FI.
DRAMAS (OR MELODRAMAS) contain stories about
everyday life, AND include: biographies, historical fiction,
historical non-fiction, etc.
|
| 오늘
메뉴 |
eoneul
menu |
today's
special |
menu
= list of choices |
| 미시 |
missy |
miss-like
Mrs. |
a
woman's name (short for Melissa) |
| 오바잇 |
overeat |
throw
up; vomit |
eat
too much |
| 펜션 |
PENSION |
motel |
This
word actually comes from French, meaning: boarding house
My
Source
So, it doesn't really belong
here, but it is noteworthy because in English the word has a
different meaning. In English, "pension" means,
payment to retired persons.
|
| 피에로 |
Pierrot |
Clown |
This
is NOT Konglish, it is KORENCH, I felt it worthwhile mentioning it
here, because many Koreans think it is English.
In France, Pierrot was the NAME a kind of pantomime clown, and
comic character. |
| 포클레인 |
Poklain |
(in
North Amer.)
Backhoe,
(in
the UK) Excavator |
"make",
i.e.,
(company name) |
| 팝송 |
pop
song |
English
song |
popular
song
(any language) |
| 전자
레인즈 |
jeon-ja
range |
microwave
oven
|
a
"range" is a stove for cooking
(there are two kinds of ranges: a gas range or an
electric range) |
| 리셉션 |
reception |
backstage
party |
a
party for receiving a VIP
or
a party for receiving gifts |
| 리본 |
ribbon |
bow |
material
to make bows |
| 퀴즈 |
quiz |
any
of various verbal puzzles |
a
short test |
| 색 |
sack |
back
pack |
kind
of bag
(usually with open-top and usually without handles) |
| 서비스 |
service |
free
of charge
and/or
"on the house" |
1.
help
(n.), OR...
2. repair work |
| 섹시 |
sexy |
slutty,
loose
(note: nowadays, some Koreans don't think this way) |
attractive;
having sex appeal |
| 샤프 |
sharp |
mechanical
pencil |
not
dull (a.) |
| 스탠드 |
stand |
lamp |
leg-less
table/counter |
| 탤런트 |
talent |
TV
star |
the
person who is in front of the video camera;
or [commonly] a skill(재능). |
| 팀 |
team |
group
in a company (firm) that has a common goal |
ONLY
sports group |
| 타이핀 |
tie
pin |
tie
clip, tie pin |
ONLY
PIN for tie |
| 토스트 |
toast |
grilled
omelet sandwich |
roasted
bread |
| 트레이닝 |
training |
sweat
suit |
coaching |
| 트럼프 |
trump |
playing
cards
or
poker cards |
highest
suit of playing cards
(for the game called, "Bridge.") |
| 언더그라운드 |
underground |
under-appreciated
music |
any
illegal activity or place |
| 빌라 |
villa |
small-sized
condominium
(usually from 3-5 floors,
two units per floor) |
huge
estate
(literally means: "a mini "village,
owned by one person) |
| 비닐 |
vinyl |
plastic |
kind
of plastic
(usually for imitation leather) |
| 요그릇 |
yogurt |
liquid
yogurt |
(solid)
yogurt |
| 요플레이 |
Yoplait |
solid
yogurt |
name
brand of yogurt |
| 와커 |
walker |
military
boots |
a
device to aid in walking |
| |
|
The
individual words exist in English, but the phrases below do not
exist in the English language. This category of Konglish2 is
the most intriguing of all.
|
| 한글 |
Fabricated
Phrase
아시아에서
만든
구 |
Correct
Phrase
옳은 구 |
| 애이
에스
애프터 서비스 |
A/S
(After Service) |
Warrantee
Service
( = Free of charge)
Service
( = Not free of charge) |
| 아메리칸
커피 |
American-style
Coffee |
Black
Coffee |
| 오토바이 |
Auto-bi~(ke) |
Motorcycle |
| 백
미러 |
Back
Mirror |
Rear-view Mirror |
| 백
넘버 |
Back
Number |
jersey
number |
| 캐시
코너 |
cash
corner |
ATM
(Automatic Teller Machine)
|
| 더츠
페이 |
Dutch
pay |
Dutch
treat |
| 눈
샤핑 |
eye
shopping |
window
shopping |
| 게임
룸 |
game
room |
video
arcade
or
video game room |
| 골던
볼 |
golden
ball |
sudden
death (in game) |
| 헤이어 밴드 |
hair
band |
head
band |
| 핸드
폰 |
hand
phone |
[USA]
cellular
phone
[UK & US] mobile phone |
| 하드
보드 |
hard
board |
poster
board |
| 하이퍼
마트 |
hyper
market |
grocery
store |
| 아이스
바 |
ice
bar |
[USA]
Popsicle (lollypop +
icicle)
[UK] Ice Lolly (ice
+ lollypop) |
| 인터
폰 |
interphone |
intercom |
| 키크 보드
킥 보드 |
kick board |
scooter
(non-motorized scooter) |
| 킹 카 |
king
car'
(abbreviation of "king card"
from a deck of playing cards) |
"The
pick of the litter"
or
"The cream of the crop" |
| 라이트
코크 |
light
coke |
diet
coke |
| 라이브 잉글리시 |
live
English |
real-life
English |
| 맥가이버
나이프 |
McGuyver
Knife |
Swiss
Army Knife |
| 멤버
아이디 |
Member
ID (online) |
Username
(online) |
| 모닝
콜 |
morning
call |
wake-up
call |
| 엠티
(엔 티) |
M.T.
(Membership Training) |
club
meeting or
club initiation = first
club meeting for freshmen |
| 네임
카드 |
name
card |
business
card |
| 오피스텔 |
office-tel
(office + hotel)
|
I
originally wrote: does not exist in America, BUT IT DOES, we just
don't have a name for it that I know of... Usually, the first
floor consists of offices or stores, while the upper floors
consist of apartments or condos |
| 원피스
(원 피스) |
one-piece |
dress |
| 오펀
카 |
open
car |
convertible
car |
팬티
스타킹
팬티 스토킹 |
panty
stockings |
panty
hose |
| 포켓
볼 |
pocket
ball |
pool
[American
game] |
| 사구 |
4-ball |
billiards
[UK game] |
| 셀프
캐메라 |
self
camera |
home
video
and/or
amateur video |
| 셧
바지 (셧 팬츠) |
short
pants (Konglish?) |
[in
U.S.A.] shorts |
| 솔로
크리스마스 |
Solo
Christmas
[I saw this on a
Korean website, and it might not be Konglish. It could be a
kind of 'code-mixing' (i.e., a mixture of Spanish (solo) and
English (Christmas). Interesting combination for Koreans,
though, wouldn't you say?] |
Hmm.
How do I correct this? I know what it means, but...
Maybe...
Solitaire
Christmas
meaning:
Alone during Christmas |
| 스포츠
댄싱 |
sports
dancing |
ballroom
dancing
(for competition) |
| 비티아 |
VTR |
VTR
stands for "Video Tape
Recorder" but in North America, we say "VCR",
which stands for "Video Cassette Recorder" |
| 와잇
데이 |
White
Day |
(there
is no White Day in the West) |
| 양싯 |
Yang
Seat
/ jang
 it /
(I think
"Yang Seat" was the intended Konglish, but it is
impossible to write "Seat" in the Korean phonetic
system, so what you get is something that sounds like "Yang
Shit". Incidentally, Yang
means sheep, so if you are bilingual, you hear "sheep
shit".) [I saw this advertised on a Korean website.] |
Sheep
Skin Seat Cover
(for
one's car) |
| 와이
셔츠 |
"Y"
shirts |
dress
shirt(s) |
| |
|
I
think that the words/phrases on this list mostly originate from
"Jinglish" (Japanese-ized English), but I could be wrong about that. I
know that some do originate from the Jinglish,
or Japlish
such as
"air con".
|
| 한글 |
Abbreviated
Expression
단축된 표현 |
Correct
Expression
옳은 표현 |
| 에이
에스 |
A/S |
After
Service
(see also Fabricated Konglish list) |
| 에이어
콘 |
Air
Con |
Air
Conditioner |
| 오라이 |
All
ri
(only said when guiding a person backing up a car) |
All
right
(said any time something
is O.K.) |
| 앵글 |
angle |
angle bar |
| 아파트 |
Apart |
Apartment
Building
(There are
many apartments in one apartment building) |
| 백
댄서 |
back
dancer |
backup
dancer |
| 백
뮤식 |
back
music |
background
music |
| 백
싱어 |
back
singer |
backup
singer |
| 볼펜 |
Ball
Pen |
Ball
Point Pen |
| 밴드 |
Band |
Bandage
(or Band Aid) |
| 카세트 |
cassette |
cassette
player |
| 센치 |
centi
| / |
sen |
- |
 |
i |
/ |
|
centimeter |
| 시
에프 |
C.F. |
commercial
(film) |
| 클래식 |
classic |
classical
music |
| 클맆 |
clip |
paper
clip |
| 코팅 |
coating |
plastic
coating
(also:
lamination) |
| 콤비 |
combi
(meaning sports coat &
trousers) |
combination
(see also verbicide
list)
|
| 크레이파스 |
cray-pas
(this might be correct) |
crayon
+ pastel
(I've never seen anything like it... it really is a hybrid of a
crayon and a pastel stick) |
| 크림
샌드 |
cream
sand |
cream
sandwich |
| 큐빅 |
cubic |
cubic
zirconium
(also: c.z., or
zircon) |
| 디비 |
D/B |
Database |
| 디시 |
D/C |
discount |
| 데모 |
demo |
demonstration
(protest) |
| 다큐
/ 도큐 |
docu |
documentary |
| 더블
재켓 |
double
jacket |
double-breasted
jacket |
| 드라이버 |
driver |
screw
driver |
| 에로 |
ero
(movie) |
erotic
movie |
| 플래시 |
flash |
flash
light |
| 프라이
팬 |
fry
pan |
frying
pan |
| 게임
룸 |
game
room |
video
game room |
| 핸디 |
handi |
handicap
(for golf) |
| 헤스 |
health |
health
club |
| 홈피 |
homepi |
homepage |
| 엘티 |
L.T. |
Leadership
Training |
| 매직 |
Magic |
Magic
Marker
(permanent marker) |
| 미션 |
mission |
transmission |
| 나이트 |
night |
night
club |
| 노트 |
note |
notebook |
| 오디 |
O
/ D |
Owner-driver |
| 오에이츠피 |
O.H.P. |
Overhead
Projector |
| 오에이 |
O
/ A |
Office
Automation (equipment) |
| 오티 |
O
/ T |
Orientation |
| 오무라이스 |
omu-rice |
omelet
+ rice |
| 펑크 |
punc |
puncture
(flat
tire) |
| 레미콘 |
remi-con |
ready-mix
concrete truck |
| 리모트콘 |
remote
con |
remote
control |
| 레즈 |
res |
resort
hotel |
| 네포츠 |
le-ports
|
leisure
sports |
| 셀프 |
self |
self
service |
| 에스에프 |
S.F. |
Science
Fiction
and/or
"Sci. Fi." |
| 스폴렉스 |
spo-lex |
sports
complex |
| 스테인(레스)
/ 스테잉 |
stain(g) |
stainless
steel wares |
| 티피 |
T.P. |
transparency
(paper)
[for Overhead Projector]
|
| 텔레비 |
televi
|
television |
| ~팅 |
~ting |
meeting
(see verbicide) |
| 트랜스 |
trans |
transformer |
| 트랜스 |
trans |
transvestite
/ transgender |
| 트로트 |
trot |
foxtrot |
| 화이트 |
white |
white
out (correction fluid) |
| 랩 |
wrap |
plastic
wrap |
|
| |
|
O.K.
KONGLISH LIST
(note: O.K. stands
for: Oll Korrect)
| 한글 |
Word or Phrase |
Notes: |
| 바이 바이 |
bye bye |
Koreans use this parting indiscriminately, but in
America, it is considered a child's parting or intimate couple
parting. |
| 콘디션 |
condition |
Koreans use this word to refer to their body's
condition. So, it's partially correct. |
| 스태미나 |
stamina |
Koreans use this word to refer to sexual stamina.
So, it's partially correct. |
| 티밍 |
timing |
|
| 머플러 |
muffler |
UK English (in US, we say "scarf") |
| 보냇 |
bonnet (of an auto~) |
UK English (in US, we say "hood") |
| 빤스 |
pants
{Koreans say: BBans (same as Japanese pronunciation)} |
UK English (in US, we say
"underpants") |
| 패밀리 네임 |
family name |
UK English (I'm guessing), for in US, we say "surname" or
"last name" |
| 첵 |
check(s) |
UK English (in US, we say "checkered
pattern") |
| 소파 |
sofa |
orig: Arab word: suffa, then French word: sofa
English "borrowed" the word from French |
| 다이엇 / 다이엣 |
diet |
|
| 스토브 |
stove |
Koreans use the original meaning of the word, i.e., heater,
which is still used, but we usually identify it by saying
Franklin Stove.
But, modern U.S. English has changed from the original
meaning... nowadays there are two kinds of stoves for cooking:
a gas stove and an electric stove.
|
| 와인 |
wine |
|
| 아이스 크림 |
ice cream |
|
| 컴퓨터 |
computer |
|
| 모니터 |
monitor |
|
| 하드 드라이브 |
hard drive |
|
| 시디 |
CD |
|
| 키보드 |
keyboard |
|
| 디스크 |
disk (floppy disk) |
|
| 바겐 세일 |
bargain sale |
|
| 비디오 |
video |
short for "video cassette" |
| 모텔 |
motel |
|
| 호텔 |
hotel |
|
| 프로젝트 |
project |
|
| 디제이 |
DJ |
|
| 엠시 |
MC |
|
| 캔바스 |
canvas |
|
| 페인트 |
paint |
although the Korean definition generally refers to
industrial type paint, not artist paint, nor make-up paint |
| 인터넷 |
internet |
|
| 웨브사잇 |
website |
|
| 홈페이즈 |
homepage |
|
| . |
website I.D. |
This might be British. In the U.S., we write
"username", not "I.D." |
| . |
and many many more. |
|
|
|
|
Other
~lish sites:
Chinese
English/ Chinglish
Miscellaneous
Japlish Sites
Do you know some more Konglish Words/Terms/Phrases?
THEN, PLEASE...
Contact Leon
|
